CONLANG Digest - 4 Oct 2003 to 5 Oct 2003 (#2003-281)

WOW!  Thank you for the details!  It'll really help me figure out what
my options are, and what I want to do.

Thanks again!
Jim

 > ------------------------------
 >
 > Date:    Sun, 5 Oct 2003 14:56:40 +0100 From:    Ray Brown
 > <ray.brown@...> Subject: Re: Bat Sounds/Phonology Redux
 >
 > This got bounced back to me by ListServe because my mailer decided to
 >  format the thing as RTF.  But I'll try again as it may be of
 > interest; and I just hope my mailer behaves this time  :)
 > =========================================== [Read with monotype font,
 > please]
 >
 > On Friday, October 3, 2003, at 01:15 , J. K. Hoffman wrote:
 >
 >
 >>> Date:    Wed, 1 Oct 2003 23:23:56 -0400 From:    Herman Miller
 >>> <hmiller@...> Subject: Re: Bat Sounds/Phonology Redux
 >>>
 >>> On Wed, 1 Oct 2003 09:18:07 -0700, Adam Walker
 >>> <carrajena@...> wrote:
 >>>
 >>>
 >>>
 >>>> Well, Zulu uses "x", "c" and "q" to represent clicks. "X" is
 >>>> lateral. "Q" is palatal.  And "c" is alveolar, IIRC.
 >>>
 >>>
 >>> I think "c" is dental and "q" is alveolar in Zulu (and Xhosa).
 >>> Palatal clicks aren't very common.
 >>
 >
 >
 > 'sright.
 >
 >
 >>> ------------------------------
 >>
 >> I guess I need to think about *that* some more.  Xhosa was the
 >> language I was thinking of when I made reference to African
 >> languagesm but it hadn't occured to me that they would used more
 >> than one kind of click!
 >
 >
 > Xhosa has quite a few.  They are: DENTAL    ALVEOLAR    LATERAL 1.
 > unvoiced & unaspirated      c           q          x
 >
 > 2.   unvoiced & aspirated      ch          qh         xh
 >
 > 3.                 voiced      gc          gq         gx
 >
 > 4.         unvoiced nasal      nc          nq         nx
 >
 > 5.           voiced nasal      ngc         ngq        ngx
 >
 > 6.  prenasalized unvoiced*     nkc         nkq        nkx
 >
 > *The Bantu languages have only open syllables, but syllable initial
 > prenasalized plosives are common in all the Bantulangs I've come
 > across. In Xhosa prenasalized series the |k| is not pronounced and
 > used merely to show that the nasal and the click are pronounced
 > separately, the nasal being [N] in each case.
 >
 > Zulu has the same series 1 to 3 as above, but AFAIK only one series
 > of nasal clicks (voiced, I believe) which is written like 4 above.
 >
 > [snip]
 >
 >
 >> expression.  How is it used in Xhosa and Zulu?
 >
 > ============================ On Friday, October 3, 2003, at 02:35 ,
 > Stone Gordonssen wrote: [snip]
 >
 >> Zulu, if I remember rightly, uses them as consonants.
 >
 >
 > Indeed, you do remember rightly.  Zulu & Xhosa use them just like any
 > other consonant in their languages, e.g. umXhosa "a Xhosa person";
 > abaXhosa "Xhosa people"; isiXhosa "Xhosa language". iculo "song";
 > iqanda "egg"; ixhego "old man"; incoko "conversation"; incwadi "book,
 > letter"; ingca "grass"; ucango "door"
 >
 > (Examples from Xhosa).
 >
 > Ray ===============================================
 > http://home.freeuk.com/ray.brown ray.brown@freeuk.com    (home)
 > raymond.brown@kingston-college.ac.uk   (work)
 > ===============================================

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