Fâzerok pronouns and articles

PRONOUNS

The personal pronouns in Fâzerok are as follows:

       sng.   pl.
1     ho     nosc     [ho']    [nUS']
2     tu      vosc     [to']    [vUS']
3m   ep     éssi      [Ep']    [Es'si]
3f    éssa  ésse     [Es's&] [Es'sE]
3n    (demonstratives are used)

Notes:
'Tu' is generally pronounced as [to'], despite the spelling. Often the plural
forms are used to refer respectfully to a single person: only when particular
respect is called for, not in most speech as in several other Romance
languages. Occasionally the regularized form 'éssas' is found as the third
person feminine plural form.
Demonstratives are used occasionally instead of these personal pronouns,
especially in reference to objects, for which there are no separate personal
pronouns. The personal pronouns are never used in reference to objects, even
where the objects have grammatical gender.

DEMONSTRATIVES

The demonstratives are organized into three classes: near the speaker
('this'), near the person being addressed ('that') and far from both ('that
over there; yon').

'THIS' (derived from Vulgar Lat. 'iste')

      sng.  pl.
m.  ece   eci       [ISE']  [ISi']
f.   esca  esce    [IS&'] [ISE']
n.   ece   esca

The masculine singular and the feminine plural are distinguished in spelling
only. The neuter uses the masculine singular for neuter singular and the
feminine singular for neuter plural.

'THAT' (from Vulgar Lat. 'accu-ipse')

      sng.  pl.
m.  kuf      kussi       [kuf']  [kussi']
f.   kussa  kusse    [kuss&'] [kussE']
n.   kuf      kussa

'YON' (from Vulgar Lat. 'accu-ille')

      sng.  pl.
m.  kul    kuri       [kul']  [kuri']
f.   kura  kure    [kur&'] [kurE']
n.   kul    kura

Examples:

kul r� h [kul rAh'] 'that road over there; yon road'
esca finna [ES&' finn&'] 'this pen'
kussa k� sa [kuss&' kAs&'] 'that house (near you)'
kura ekva [kur&' Ikv&'] 'that water over there; yon water'

ARTICLES

Definite article

      sng.  pl.
m.  es     si                  [Es']  [si']
f.   sa     se (or sas)    [s&'] [sE']
n.   es     sa

Indefinite article

      sng.  pl.
m.  on      —       [on']
f.   on      —       [on']
n.   on      —

The articles in Fâzerok work somewhat differently from those in English, and
also differently from those of the Western Romance languages. In Fâzerok,
there are basically five noun states indicated by articles, some of which
have multiple possible meanings:

ibrav '(any) book,' or 'books (in general)'
ibri 'some books'
on ibrav 'a (particular) book'
es ibrav 'the book'
si ibri 'the books'

(A form with the near-speaker demonstrative is used for 'some (particular),'
as in eci ibri 'certain books.')

Examples:

on harbola 'a tree'
tu u ho 'you and I'
kveru ibrav 'I want a book (any book).'
kveru on ibrav 'I want a (particular) book.'
sa hones 'the people'
az ibri venet mej gozav 'I like some books.'
az ibrav venet mej gozav 'I like books.'

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I'm still working on more of this grammar. I would appreciate any suggestions
or comments anyone has.

-- Michael Greenlee

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