>From: John Cowan <cowan@...>
>Reply-To: Constructed Languages List <CONLANG@...>
>To: CONLANG@LISTSERV.BROWN.EDU
>Subject: USAGE: Yet another try at Pinyin-compatible tonal spelling for
> Mandarin
>Date: Tue, 18 Sep 2001 00:54:02 -0400
>
>The virtues of tonal spelling are well-known for languages like Hmong,
>which can
>add otherwise unused finals like -b and -s to indicate the tone. Mandarin
>has
>too many sounds for that: the standard Pinyin orthography uses every basic
>Latin letter except v, and five diacritics: symbols for tones 1, 2, 3, and
>4,
>and diaeresis over u when it represents /y/.
>
>Gwoyeu Romatzyh is a tonal spelling requiring no diacritics, but it is very
>complex and messy. This proposal is meant to add the virtues of
>diacritic-lless
>spelling to the comparative simplicity of Pinyin.
>
>The tonal McGuffin here is to represent the long tones 1 and 3 by a doubled
>vowel, and the low(-ending) tones 3 and 4 by an -h suffix. Thus
>ma1, ma2, ma3, and ma4 are respectively maa, ma, maah, mah.
>The h is placed after the final (hen3 is written heenh, shang4 as shangh).
>However, the retroflex r remains after the h, since it is not really
>part of the final, except in the case of the final "er".
>
>A few special cases:
>
>1) If one syllable of a compound word ends in h, and the next begins
>with a, e, o, or u, then an apostrophe is inserted, similar to the
>aprostrophe used between finals ending in -n and initials beginning with g.
>
>2) In syllables like dui, where the main vowel is not written, it is
>"doubled" by being written: so dui2 is dui, but dui1 is duei.
>
>In Pinyin, the u-umlaut is used only after l and n; in all other cases,
>its presence can be inferred from the other letters, and it is written u.
>In this proposal, the forms lyu and nyu are used.
>
>3) Toneless syllables are written as if in tone 2.
>
>Here's a sentence:
>
>Waihbian jinhlaile yi ge ren liaangh ge hong yaanhjing, yi fuh dah yuan
>liaanh, daih zhe yi ge xiaaoh maohzi, taa xingh Xiah.
>
>--
>John Cowan
http://www.ccil.org/~cowan cowan@ccil.org
>Please leave your values | Check your assumptions. In fact,
> at the front desk. | check your assumptions at the
>door.
> --sign in Paris hotel | --Miles Vorkosigan
_________________________________________________________________
Get your FREE download of MSN Explorer at