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LONG: Analogy in Conlangs (please help!)

From:Elliott Lash <al260@...>
Date:Monday, February 11, 2002, 2:34
Hello Everyone!! I am currently working on the 4th incarnation of Nindic, a cousin
language of Silindion. Nindic is very influenced by Welsh, and like Welsh has
undergone lenitions and apocope throughout it's history. This has produced a
wide variety of irregularities and general strangenesses, in both the forms of
the stem, and suffixes.

A few examples at this point are probably needed:

The past participle is now wholly formed by adding -edh/-es to the root:

meredh <shaded>
merchedh <hidden>
tedhes <ruled> (-edh dissimilated to -es)
pedes <eaten/failed> (homophonous verbs, infinitive: pedi, peidi)
lhychedh <fallen>
miredh <loved>

All of these however seem to be formed by analogy with liquid stems (-r/-l)

the *regular* forms would be:
meredh  < merdh < mor-dai
merched < merchd < mersk-dai
teid < teedd < tad-dai
pest/peist (eaten/failed)<pethd/peethd < pet-dai/pat-dai
lhyched < lhychd < lusk-dai
miredh < mirdh < mir-dai
--------

Another extremely widespread analogy is in the Future tense, where a-stem 1st
singulars, and e-stem elsewhere have taken over from regularly developed
paradigms.

One example:

TO FALL FUTURE:
lhychaw    lychion
lhychiol   lychioth
lychior    lychioth

The *regularly* developed forms would be:
lhychy   lhychon
lhychol  lhychoth
lhychor  lchychoth

Which would conflict with the Past Tense 1st singular and the present tense second
singular in all particulars. Hence the analogy.


I'll just list the last areas of analogy:
1) 1st singular present in all verbs is from a-stems

2) Imperatives of all verbs have been remodeled on the basis of -o stem verbs,
and especially the verb: egerri: to stay, imperative egerro: stay!

3) definite nouns are all remodeled on the basis of a-stems. So a noun like....
athron <spruce> *attrenu, would, if regularly developed form a definite like:
athronod <the spruce> *attrenuta, but instead it is <athronad>

4) Adjectives have been reduced to two declensions (in forming comparative and
superlative forms). Most are formed like a-stems: comparative: -a, superlative:
-ad. Some are formed like -ai or -ye stems: comparative: -i, superlative: -iid.

5) A major plural suffix -iin, has spread from a few collective nouns formed from
-ai stems. The suffix originally was -aina, and was a collective noun former,
but eventually it was used as the plural of all -ai stems and then became the
plural of nouns whose singulars had become indistiguishable from their plurals.

6) The plural suffix -aedh, extended to a few random nouns from -d stems.

7) Many other areas such as a few lenition rules and such.


How realistic is this?  I always worry that i'm introducing far too many analogy forms.

Elliott Lash