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Re: deixis

From:R. Nierse <rnierse@...>
Date:Thursday, April 15, 1999, 8:47
I found another example. In Heiltsuk it is necessary to indicate whether
one sees th eboject or not:

                visible         invisible
near speaker    ga-xv           ga-c-xv
near listener   qu-xv           qu-xv-c-xv
yonder          qi-xv           qi-c-xv

There is this story about this people that there was a lot of confusion
when the telefone made its entry in the community.
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> Van: Paul Roser <pkroser@...> > Aan: Multiple recipients of list CONLANG <CONLANG@...> > Onderwerp: Re: deixis > Datum: dinsdag 13 april 1999 4:04 > > Nik Taylor wrote: > > > [snipped] > > > > Eskimo is supposed to have some 30 forms (tho I wonder if this is > > another "snow" type myth) expressing things like "that in there", "that > > high up there", and "that unseen". > > I had to look this up - this is from 'Yup'ik Eskimo Grammar', Reed et > al, ANLC 1977. The demonstrative pronouns are differentiated into: > "extended" (large expanses of land/water; lengthy or moving objects); > "restricted" (objects that are stationary/moving in a confined area, > small in extent, relatively near & visible); and "obscured" (objects > farther away & not clearly in sight) > > EXTENDED RESTRICTED OBSCURED > man'a una --- 'the one near speaker' > tamana tauna --- 'the one near listener' > --- --- imna 'the aforementioned one' > ukna --- --- 'the one approaching speaker' > augna ingna amna 'the one over there/going away > from speaker' > agna ikna akemna 'the one across there' > qaugna kiugna qamna 'the one inland/inside/up river' > qagna keggna qakemna 'the one outside' > un'a kan'a camna 'the one below/toward river' > unegna ugna cakemna 'the one down river/on the > coast/by the exit' > paugna pingna pamna 'the one up there/away from > river' > pagna pikna pakemna 'the one up above' (eg, birds) > > So that equals 30... > > /g/ = vcd velar fricative; > /gg/ = vls velar fricative; > /ng/ = velar nasal; > /ug/ = labialized velar fricative; > /c/ = coronal affricate ( normally [tS], [ts] before another C or /e/); > /e/ = mid central vowel [@]. > > mujzhi li, > bfowol > > > /q/ = uvular stop; > /'/ = gemination of preceding consonant