Re: going without "without"

Matt Pearson wrote:
>
> Anybody know how such languages express "without"?  How do
> people express "without" in their conlangs?  Any help with
> this sticky issue would be much appreciated.
>
> Matt.
        When I don't use a special case or pre/postposition for it, I use
generally periphrastic constructions like "with no" to express
"without". I think that "with no stick" and "without a stick" are nearly
synonyms (I maybe wrong, but I make my languages like I want them :) ).
I don't remember well the Tokana grammar, but if you have a negative
indefinite adjective like "no", I think you could use it with a noun in
comitative case (or instrumental case) to render "without".

        To give you an example, to mean "with", I use in Moten whether the
prefix ko- (means or manner) or the postposition (just a noun completed
with a genitive) kokef: in the company of. To mean "without", I use the
same constructions, but completing the noun with the adjective "memun":
no.

        Well, it's just to give you an idea.

--
        Christophe Grandsire

        Philips Research Laboratories --  Building WB 145
        Prof. Holstlaan 4
        5656 AA Eindhoven
        The Netherlands

        Phone:  +31-40-27-45006
        E-mail: grandsir@natlab.research.philips.com