Re: DECAL: Examples #3: Phonological change rules

Hi all,

This is David Peterson.  When I resubscribe to CONLANG, it'll be
under this account.  I'm not subscribed right now, but Sai asked
specifically to send these replies to the list and not to him, so I'm
sending it to the list.

Sai wrote:
<<
Try to use /UR/->[SR] / X_# type rules (e.g. /C/ -> [-vd C] / [-vd C]
_ ) (# =3D word boundary).
 >>

This type of rule has a label.  It's A > B / C_D.  It's compared to
a rule like CAD > CBD, which was the standard in earlier days.

<<
Q1: What are your *phonologically driven* sound change rules? I.e.,
these will apply to *all* situations, once higher-level UR processes
are done (e.g., morphology). Be sure to include the order of
application, if it's relevant (e.g., you have feeding). This includes
cases that are caused by word boundaries, syllable boundaries, cluster
conflicts (e.g. VC + CV in a CVCV limit), etc.
 >>

This is a theory-dependent question, but I see how it can still work.
Below, lower case a, b, g, etc., within [] is supposed to be "alpha",
"beta", "gamma".  Oh, lower case s is going to have to be a lower
case sigma, too.

Also, this kind of rule (*A > B) is a historical sound change.

***
(A) Zhyler:

Unordered:
(1) Word-final Obstruent Devoicing: C[-son, -sib] > [-voice] / _#
(2) Nasal Assimilation: /n/ > [a place] / _C[a place]
(3) Intervocalic Velar Spirantization: C[+vel, -lab] > [+cont] / V_V
(4) Lateral Dissimilation: /l/ > [n] / lV_
(5) Rhotic Dissimilation: /r/ > [z] / rV_
(6) Sibilant Anteority: C > [-ant] / _C[-ant]
(7) Stop Voice Matching: C[-cont, -lat] > [a voice] / C[-cont, -lat, a=20=

voice]_
(8) Fricative Voice Matching: C[+cont] > [a voice] / _C[+cont, a voice]
(9) Fricative/Stop Voice Matching: C[-cont, -lat] > [a voice] /=20
_C[+sib, a voice]
(10) Cluster Devoicing: C[-cont, -lat, -a voice] > [-voice] / _C[+cont,=20=

a voice]
(11) Vowel Tensing: V > [+tense] / _s[-stress]
(12) Vowel Harmony: V > [(a back, b round, g high)] / V[a back, b=20
round, g high]_
(note: For this rule to work, the () are supposed to indicate that this=20=

only applies
for missing features)

***

(B) Kamakawi:

Unordered:
(1) Intervocalic Glottal Stoppage (?): C > [+CG] / V_V
(2) Gliding: V[-stress] > [+cons] / V_V
(3) Intervocalic Fricative Voicing: C[+cont] > [+voice] / V_V
(4) Flapping: /t/ > [4] / V_V[-stress]
(5) Schwaification: V[+low] > [-low] / #..._s[-stress]

***

(C) Sathir:

Unordered:
(1) Nasal Assimilation: /n/ > [a place] / _C[a place]

Ordered:
(1) Labialization/Patalization: *C(w/j) > C^(w/j)
(2) Anteriorization: *t^j > tS, *s^j > S
(3) Aspiration: *Ch > C^h
(4) Intervocalic Voicing: C[+CG] > [+voice] / V_V
(5) Intervocalic Spirantization: C[-CG] > [+cont] / V_V
(6) Degemination: *C: > C
(7) Vowel Lengthening: *Vh > V:
(8) Schwaification: V[-high, +back] > [@] / #_...VC+V[+stress] or=20
V[+stress]..._
(9) Word-final Vowel Shortening: V: > V / _#
(10) Stressed Mid Vowel Raising: V[-low] > [+high] / _s[+stress]

***

(D) Njaama:

Unordered:
(1) Glide Dissimilation: /w, j/ > [v, Z] / _[u/o, i]
(2) Intervocalic Glottal Stoppage (?): C > [+CG] / V_V
(3) Rhoticization: C > [-lat, +rho] / _#
(4) Vowel Nasalization: V > [+nasal] / _C[+nasal]

Ordered:
(1) Palatalization: C[+cor, -nas, -lat] > [-ant] / _[i, j]
(2) Intervocalic Voicing: C[+cont, -lar] > [+voice] / V_V


***

(E) Epiq:

Unordered:
(1) Nasal Assimilation: /n/ > [a place] / _C[a place]
(2) Mid Vowel Formation: *@u > o, *@i > e
(3) Devoicing: C > [-voice] / _C[-voice]
(4) Uvular Out-freaking: /q/ > [tS] / _[j]; /X/ > [S] / _[j]

Ordered:
(1) Opp. Rounding Vowel Formation: *iu > M, *ui > y
(2) Glide Formation: V[+high] > [-voc] / _,V[-high]
(3) Palatalization: C[-cont, +cor] > [-ant] / _V[+high, -back],=20
_C[-cons, -dors]
(4) Uvular Lowering: V > [-high] / C[+uvular]_
(5) Word Final Spirantization: C[+cor, -nas] > [+cont] / _#
(6) Word Final Lateral Fricative Loss: C[+lat] > =F8 / _#

***

(F) Gweydr:

Unordered:
(1) Intervocalic Voicing: C[+cont, -lar] > [+voice] / V_V
(2) Nasal Assimilation: /n/ > [a place] / _C[a place]
(3) Word-final Obstruent Devoicing: C[-son] > [-voice] / _#
(4) Vowel Tensing: V > [+ATR] / _C[-cons]
(5) Stop Dissimilation: Cx[-lat, -nas] > [+cont] / _Cy[-lat, -nas,=20
-cont]
(6) Fricative Voicing Assimilation: C[+cont] > [+voice] / _C[+voice,=20
-lat, -nas]
(7) Glide Vocalization: C > [+cons] / C_#
(8) Liquid Syllabification: C[+liquid] > [+syll] / C_#
(9) Voiced Stop Silencing: C[-cont, -lat, -nas] > =F8 / C[+nas]_#
(10) Vowel Harmony (too complex): A vowel lacking a feature will take it
from the preceding vowel (to the left for suffixes; to the right for=20
prefixes).
However, if the vowel is [-low], and the height feature matches the=20
closest
vowel, the new vowel will be a duplicate, both in [ATR] and=20
[height]/[back]
of the other vowel.

***

All right, that's all I'm going to do right now.  That should be=20
enough.  For
some morphophonology of Gweydr, there's the (as yet incomplete) noun
case section, which has a lot of stuff.  Here's the link:

http://dedalvs.free.fr/gweydr/ncases.html

<<
Q3: Motivation, again? (If anything other than purely aesthetic, or
you can give details of why you think your choices made for better
aesthetics.)
 >>

Oh, oops.  I'm sure there's something.

-David=

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