Civilization without fire

I know from a discussion on another list, forget which one. It is
possible to have civilization without fire. Chemical reactions.
Such as life can exist without the suns direct influences, namely
no photosyntheis.. Volcanic vents on the ocean flour allows life
to exist there some miles below the sea.

I know one life forms that we worked on was one for a possible
Europa life, namely one that was from an ocean where the surface
is directly or nearly directly in contact with space (some
atmosphere possible).. And the surface is a thick ice coat..

The end up creature was something like an octopus or like. Since
Octopuses are some of the most intelligent animals in the seas.
And the civilization they had did not use fire for obvious
reasons..

Mike


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