Re: Weekly vocab #3

On Fri, 12 Apr 2002 21:54:30 -0400, Aidan Grey <grey@...>
wrote:

>Brought to you by D (for doctor) and possessive pronouns.
>
>Vocab:
>
>   1. doctor / healer
Tirelat: kiritada ["kI4ItaDa] (< kirita "to heal")
Ludireo: lekar [lekar] (Serbo-Croatian)

>   2. medicine
T: kiritakesh ["kIrItakES] "heal-stuff" (new compound)
L: tib [tib] (Arabic)

>   3. ear
T: t-vyn [t@"v\1n]
L: siut [siut] (Inuktitut)

>   4. eye
T: t-shim [t@"SIm] (eyeball)
(for the color of eyes, Tirelat uses "iris" |zhilma|: where we would say
that someone has green eyes in English, the Tirelat equivalent is "green
irises", not "green eyeballs".)

L: nyawi [njawi] (Quechua)

>   5. friend
T: t-kervi [t@"kE4v\I] (new)
L: koda [koda] (Dakota)

>   6. itch and/or scratch
T: to scratch, scrape: ktixa ["ktIxa] (new)
   a scratch: ktixas ["ktIxas] (new derivative of "ktixa")
   an itch: ktixashafiat ["ktIxaSafiat] (new)
      = "eagerness to scratch"
L: to scratch: ratci [ratSi] (Quechua)

>   7. hurt / pain (the verb ... or not)
T: xuli ["xUlI] (v) / xuliat ["xUliat] (n)
L: to hurt: arka [?arka] (Ainu)

>   8. diagnosis
T: symarvis (u vishpa) ["s1ma4v\Is] (new)
   "identification (of disease)"
   sym "identity" + arvi "classify" + -s (result of action)
L: cindan [Sindan] (Japanese) (new)

>   9. cure / heal
T: kirita ["kI4Ita]
L: komo [komo] (Hmong)

>   10. ill
T: xolhpi ["xOKpI] (new)
L: avad [?avad] (Georgian)

>  Context:
>
>   1. She is my doctor.
T: Jtúnen kiritada ka le.
[j@"tu:nEn "kI4ItaDa ka "lE]
j -tú    -ne-n  kirita-da ka le
3s-copula-  -PF heal  -er to me

L: Ta la na lekar.
["ta la na "lekar]
ta la na lekar
3s be 1s doctor

>   2. _That_ is _my_ medicine, and _this_ is yours.
T: Já taka jtúlhan levo kiritakesh, lha nja shikai je revo tal.
["ja: "taka j@"tu:Kan "lEv\O "kIr4ItakES, Ka "nja SI"ka:j jE "4Ev\O tal]
já   taka  j -tú    -lha-n  le-vo kirita-kesh,
that there 3s-copula-   -PF I -ID heal  -stuff
  lha nja  shikai je   re -vo tal.
  but this here   ProV you-ID one

I've come to the realization that there are two classes of adjectives in
Tirelhat: stative verbs (e.g., the _quick_ _brown_ fox) and identifiers
(e.g., the _left_ lane). The suffix |-vo| derives an identifier from
another word, usually a stative verb.

L: So la je na dë tib, je ko la ni dë.
["so la Ze "na d@ "tib, Ze "ko la "ni d@]
so   la je   na dë tib      je   ko   la ni  dë
that be EMPH 1s of medicine EMPH this be you of

>   3. She looked in their ears.
T: Jlínaizhalin my vvyn vmex.
[j@"li:na:jZalIn m1 "v\v\1n v\@"mEx]
j -línaizha-li-n  my  v -vyn v -mex
3s-look    -  -PF ACC 3p-ear 3p-inside

L: Ta nyin de ta dë siut dë andar.
["ta "njin de "ta d@ "siut d@ "?andar]
ta nyin    de ta dë siut dë andar
3s look at PL 3s of ear  of inside

>   4. She looked in (or tested, or..) her (someone else's) eye.
T: Jlínaizhalin my jshim jmex.
[j@"li:na:jZalIn m1 j@"SIm j@"mEx]
j -línaizha-li-n  my  j -shim j -mex
3s-look    -  -PF ACC 3s-eye  3s-inside

("Her own eye" would use a reflexive prefix.)

L: Ta nyin ta dë nyawi dë andar.
["ta "njin "ta d@ "njawi d@ "?andar]

>   5. Our friends are ill.
T: Vxolhpivez sy xami lhkervi.
[v\@"xOKpIv\Ez s1 xamI "KkE4v\I]
v -xolhpi-ve-z   sy  xami   lh-kervi
3p-ill   -  -IPF NOM plural 1p-friend

L: De na dë koda avad.
[de "na d@ "koda "?avad]

>   6. His scratch (the one on him) is worse than his scratch (the one he
>caused on someone else unspecified).
T: Jkasuvez ívo ktixas pai zhuga tal ma sí.
[j@"kasUv\Ez "i:v\O "ktIxas "pa:j ZUGa tal ma "si:]
j -kasu-ve-z   í -vo ktixa-s pai  zhuga tal ma sí
3s-bad -  -IPF 3s-ID scratch more than  one by REFL

>   7. Do y'all's heads hurt? / Do you guys have headaches?
T: Rhxulinezaz fy rhnáx?
["r_0xUlInEzaz f1 r_0@"na:x]
rh-xuli-ne-za-z   fy rh-náx
2p-hurt-   Q -IPF at 2p-head

L: De ni dë pen arka ka?
[de "ni d@ "pen "?arka ka]

>   8. His diagnosis (that he gave) is that she will get better.
For this I'd use "prognosis".
T: Mi krhylhas ma í, jzhagdamuzhan.
[mI "kr_01Kas ma "i: j@"ZagdamUZan]
mi   krhylha-s ma í,  j -zhagda -mu -zha-n
from forecast  by him 3s-recover-MID    -PF

>   9. His diagnosis (for the disease he has) has a cure.
T: Mi symarvis u jvishpa, gavishan sy kiritashyru.
[mI "s1ma4v\Is U j@"v\ISpa "gav\ISan s1 "kI4ItaS14U]
mi   symarvis  u  j -vishpa, gavi -sha-n  sy  kirita-shyru
from diagnosis of 3s-disease exist-   -PF NOM heal  -method

>   9a. She will cure my friends.
T: Jkiritazhan my lkervi.
[j@"kI4ItaZan m1 l@"kE4v\I]
j -kirita-zha-n  my  l -kervi
3s-heal  -   -PF ACC 1s-friend

>   10. I am not ill anymore.
T: Lnridamunen my xolhpiri.
[l@n@"4IDamUnEn m1 "xOKpI4I]
l -nrida-mu -ne-n  my  xolhpi-ri
1s-stop -MID-  -PF ACC sick  -being