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Re: Question for English Speakers about Secondary Predicates (also posted on ZBB)

From:Lars Finsen <lars.finsen@...>
Date:Friday, December 29, 2006, 0:24
Den 28. des. 2006 kl. 17.31 skrev Christopher Bates:

> I don't know about ALL English grammarians, but certainly many > linguists recognise the difference between adverbs and secondary > predicates. In "Secondary Predicates and Adverbial Modification" a > typology is proposed: a Secondary Predicate Construction is one > that is primarily orientated towards one participant in a situation > (he ate the meat raw -> meat was raw), whereas an Adverbial > Construction is one that is orientated more towards the event > itself. Not all languages have two distinct constructions for these > (German for example does not mark the difference)...
It's the same with Norwegian, so that's it doesn't feel natural to distinguish them to me. But I see what you mean now. A regular adverb would have been marked '-ly' in English. It's called a secondary predicate because it replaces a whole predicate clause that specifies another activity made on the object besides the main predicate: "- while it was raw", "so that it turned brown", etc. As far as I can figure, it cam only work for the inactive participant: the object of an active statement, or the subject of a passive.
> I have a paper in .doc format I found some time ago which is by > the same people and makes many of the same points as the book, but > I'm unable to find it online now... if you want me to I will email > it to you so you can read it.
Yes, thank you, I'd like to. Greetings, LEF