Re: retroflex consonants

Isaac A. Penzev scripsit:
>
> John Cowan scripsit:
>
> <<Basque (and Castilian-of-Castile) /s/ is apical and has a slight whistling
> quality to it.  /z/ is a more normal European [s]; /x/ is of course /S/.>>
>
> Ok. And how shall we render it in IPA and dear Schmampa?
Well, we can use plain [s] for the apical version, Basque /s/, and
add the "_m" diacritic for laminalization (U+033B COMBINING SQUARE BELOW)
for Basque /z/, since there is no diacritic for apicalization.

--
John Cowan                                jcowan@reutershealth.com
At times of peril or dubitation,          http://www.ccil.org/~cowan
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With loud and high-pitched ululation.