Yet another ASCII-IPA scheme...
From: | Jörg Rhiemeier <joerg.rhiemeier@...> |
Date: | Thursday, November 8, 2001, 23:58 |
Well, I have said why I don't like X-SAMPA, and that of course poses the
question of doing better. And indeed I have cobbled together my own
encoding which I shall present here, even though it is still in a rather
preliminary state. The consonant symbols are mostly based on Herman
Miller's KPA, with a few changes (I have switched alveolar and retroflex
flaps and trills, for example), and the escape characters (",*) are
preceding the letters rather than following them. The vowel symbols are
of my own device, with the usage of ["e] and ["i] for mid and high back
unrounded vowels being inspired by Finno-Ugrist conventions. The basic
principle, except in the open grade, is that " flips rounding and *
centralizes. Suprasegmentals and diacritics follow KPA.
OK, here it is. Share and enjoy!
-- snip --
Consonants
blb lbd dnt alv all pav rfl plt vel uvl phr epg glt
vl.stop p t t. c k q "? ?
vd.stop b d d. J g Q
vd.nasal m M n n. "n N "N
vd.flap r *l r.
vd.trill "B "r "r. "R
vl.fric P f T s L S s. C x X H "H h
vd.fric B v D z "l Z z. "j G R 9 "9 "h
vd.appr "v *r l *r. j "w
click p! T! t! l! c!
vd.impl b` d` J` g` Q`
vl.ejec p` t` k`
(The palatal and velar laterals in the IPA chart are really
palatal_ized_ and velar_ized_ ones, if you ask me, and are thus
rendered [l_j] and [l_G], respectively.)
W voiceless labial-velar fricative
w voiced labial-velar approximant
"y voiced labial-palatal approximant
l. voiced retroflex lateral approximant
"c voiceless alveo-palatal fricative
"z voiced " " "
{kp} double articulation
{ts} affricate
Vowels Front Central Back
Close i y *i *u "i u
I Y U
Close-mid e "o *e *o "e o
@
Open-mid E "O *E *O "E O
& *a
Open a "a A *A
Suprasegmentals
' primary stress
, secondary stress
: long
; half-long
^( extra-short
- syllable break
| minor (foot) group
|| major (intonation) group
= linking (absence of a break)
5 ^" extra high
4 ^' high
3 ^- mid
2 ^` low
1 ^= extra low
> downstep
< upstep
24 ^v rising (optionally, [/])
42 ^^ falling (optionally, [\])
<< global rise
>> global fall
diacritics
_h voiceless _: breathy voiced _d dental
_v voiced _~ creaky voiced _a apical
^h aspirated _m linguolabial _l laminal
_) more rounded ^w labialized ~ nasalized
_( less rounded ^j palatalized ^n nasal release
_+ advanced ^G velarized ^l lateral
release
_- retracted ^9 pharyngealized ^7 no audible
release
^: centralized ^~ velarized or pharyngealized
^x mid-centralized _^ raised
_| syllabic _V lowered
_^ non-syllabic _< advanced tongue root
^r rhoticity _> retracted tongue root
Additional symbols not included in IPA:
(mainly from Ladefoged & Maddieson, _The Sounds of the World's
Languages_)
_M labiodental (alternatively, [{qp}] and [{db}] for labiodental
stops)
_. apical retroflex (if necessary to distinguish from sub-apical
retroflex)
^m ^N prenasalized (^mb ^nd ^"nJ ^Ng, etc.)
^^ closed post-alveolar (hissing-hushing) fricatives
^"h alternative representation of breathy voice
^x ^G affricate click release
^? glottal click release
_= strident vowels (double tilde below)
_w simple labialization (not velarized)
7 velarized l (X-SAMPA [5])
*I *Y central vowels slightly lower than [*i] and [*u] (X-SAMPA [I\],
[U\])
*i U+027F reversed r with fishhook (resembles iota turned 180
degrees)
i. U+0285 squat reversed esh (represents a retroflex vowel)
^s sibilant fricative; no IPA equivalent
^o whistled; no IPA equivalent
% arbitrary phonetic symbol, e.g., the so-called "voiced glottal
stop"
^* arbitrary diacritic, for example to represent stiff voice
-- snap --
Comments?
...brought to you by the Weeping Elf and the letter "ö"
[b*rO:t t@ ju: baI D@ wi:piN El^Gf &nd D@ lEt@^r "o:]
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