Systematic Word Relationships (Was: Arabic and BACK and a whole lot of other things.)

--- Jim Henry <jimhenry1973@...> wrote:


> In other words,
> a
> > list of formal definitions for the relationships
> > between the members of pairs like "to
> teach:teacher",
> > "to learn:to teach", "beach:sand", "to
> break:broken",
> > etc. I've come up with 9 pairs of relationships
> (18
> > relationships in total) so far, but I'm sure there
> are
> > a LOT more.
>
> We talked about this here a while ago, and I don't
> think
> anyone else offered a comprehensive list of the
> kind you're looking for.  I would be interested in
> such a thing as well; possibly we could collaborate
> on it through e.g. the Conlang Wikicity?
>
> --
> Jim Henry
> http://www.pobox.com/~jimhenry
Here's my skeleton that needs some more fleshing out.
(it's also at http://fiziwig.com/functions.txt where
it will probably have grown from this one by the time
anyone looks at it.)

I don't know much about wiki's in general, or the
conlang wiki in particular. How does it work?

Ways in which a word can be related to another word.

I. From VERB.
	A. VERB To VERB.
		1. Exchange patient and agent.
			a. to teach -> to learn
		2. Undo action of verb.
			a. to learn -> to forget
			b. to assemble -> to disassemble
		3. Increase the intensity of action.
			a. to speak -> to shout
		4. Diminish the intensity of action.
			a. to speak -> to whisper
		5. Reciprocal action from unilateral action.
			a. to give -> to trade
		6. Unilateral action from reciprocal action.
			a. to trade -> to give.
	B. VERB To NOUN.
		1. Category name of agent.
			a. to teach -> teacher
		2. Category name of patient.
			a. to teach -> class
			b. to tutor -> pupil
		3. Category name of object.
			a. to teach -> subject
		4. An instance of the result of an action.
			a. to destroy -> destruction
			b. to draw -> drawing; picture
			c. to kill -> death
		5. Name of tool or implement employed for an action.
			a. to hammer -> hammer
			b. to saw -> saw
	C. VERB To ADJECTIVE.
		1. Descriptive of ongoing action on patient.
			a. to break -> breaking
		2. Descripive of completed action on patient.
			a. to break -> broken
		3. Decrisptive of ongoing action on agent.
			a. to learn -> learning.
		4. Desriptive of completed action on agent.
			a. to learn -> educated.
	D. VERB To ADVERB.
		1. Directional adverb from verb.
			a. to ascend -> upward
	E. VERB To PREPOSITION.
		1. Position after action.
			a. to ascend -> atop
			b. to enter -> within; inside
	F. VERB To ENUMERATION.
		1. Specific instances of a class of action.
			A. to cut -> to slice; to chop; to hack; to pare;
to prune; ...
II. From NOUN.
	A. NOUN To VERB.
		1. Category name of agent to defining action.
			a. teacher -> to teach.
		2. Category name of patient to defining action.
			a. class -> to teacher.
		3. Action that result in this instance.
			a. drawing -> to draw
			b. destruction -> to destroy
			c. murder -> to kill
		4. Action performed with named implement or tool.
			a. hammer -> to hammer; to pound
			b. saw -> to saw
	B. NOUN To NOUN.
		1. Category name of complemenatry role.
			a. teacher -> class
			b. tutor -> pupil
			c. slave -> master
		2. General category of a specific instance.
			a. lake -> body-of-water
			b. ocean -> body-of-water
			c. hammer -> tool
			d. apple -> fruit
		3. Agregate of a mass noun.
			a. water -> body-of-water.
		4. Mass component of an agregate.
			a. beach -> sand
			b. lake -> water
		5. Agregate of a discrete noun.
			a. tree -> forest
			b. student -> class
		6. Discrete component of an agregate.
			a. forest -> tree
			b. class -> student
			c. Supreme-court -> justice
	C. NOUN To ADJECTIVE.
		1. Ordinal of a cardinal.
			a. one -> first
			b. three -> third
	D. NOUN To ADVERB.
	E. NOUN To PREPOSITION.
		1. Preposition of named location.
			a. interior -> within
	F. NOUN To ENUMERATION.
		1. Specific members of a category.
			a. body-of-water -> puddle; pond; lake; river; bay;
ocean; ...
			b. fruit -> apple; peach; pear; cherry; ...
III From ADJECTIVE.
	A. ADJECTIVE To VERB.
		1. Action that causes ongoing state of patient.
			a. breaking -> to break.
		2. Action that caused final state of patient.
			a. broken -> to break.
		3. Action that causes ongoing state of agent.
			a. learning -> to learn.
		4. Action that causes final state of agent.
			a. educated -> to learn.
	B. ADJECTIVE To NOUN.
		1. Cardinal of an ordinal.
			a. third -> three
			b. second -> two
	C. ADJECTIVE To ADJECTIVE.
		1. Opposite property.
			a. cold -> hot
			b. tall -> short
		2. Comparative of an absolute.
			a. cold -> colder
		3. Absolute of a comparative.
			a. colder -> cold
		4. Superlative of an absolute.
			a. cold -> coldest
		5. Absolute of a superlative.
			a. coldest -> cold
	D. ADJECTIVE To ADVERB.
	E. ADJECTIVE To PREPOSITION.
	F. ADJECTIVE To ENUMERATION.
IV. From ADVERB.
	A. ADVERB To VERB.
		1. Motion in indicate direction.
			a. upward -> to ascend
	B. ADVERB To NOUN.
	C. ADVERB To ADJECTIVE.
	D. ADVERB To ADVERB.
	E. ADVERB To PREPOSITION.
	F. ADVERB To ENUMERATION.
V. From PREPOSITION.
	A. PREPOSITION To VERB.
		1. To accomplish the position.
			a. within -> to enter.
	B. PREPOSITION To NOUN.
		1. Name of location.
			a. within -> interior
	C PREPOSITION To ADJECTIVE.
	D. PREPOSITION To ADVERB.
	E. PREPOSITION To PREPOSITION.
		1. Opposite location.
			a. inside -> outside
			b. above -> below
	F. PREPOSITION To ENUMERATION.

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