Re: Latin loans in Welsh
| From: | <kam@...> |
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| Date: | Saturday, June 9, 2001, 19:11 |
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A little more grist (whatever that is) for the mill :
(sorry about the odd repetition)
Welsh - Latin
gradd - gradus
arch - arca
cell - cella
porth - portus/porta/porto
pwdr - putris
sych - siccus
sech - sicca (ex. of "a-affection", in most cases this was levelled)
Iddew ( << Iuddew) - Iudeus
ffawd - fa:tum (in W. "fate, fortune, prosperity", C. feuzik "fortunate")
rhwyd [hru:Id] - re:te (borrowed as /rejte/)
cwyr [ku:Ir] - ce:ra ( ditto /kejra/)
ffurf [fyrv] >> [fIrv] - fo:rma
urdd - o:rdo
awr (Breton eur) - ho:ra (this is an exception where /o:/ >> /aw/)
pur - pu:rus
mur - mu:rus
cau (Corn. kow) - cauus "hollow" (possibly from British /kowos/)
ceudod - cauita:tem
Meurig << Meuryg - Mauricius (-yg >> -ig is a late change in W.)
cawl - caulis "cabbage"
awdur - auto:rem
Groeg - Graeca
poen - poena (either a late loan or else e: >> ej >> u:I ~ o:I)
pydew - /putewus/ << puteus
olew - /olewum/ << oleum
Mathew - /-ewus/ << Mattheus
llew - /lewo/ << leo
caws - /ka:sjus/ << ca:sius
cy^n - /kunjus/ << cuneus "wedge, chisel"
(Ifan << ) Ieuan - /jowannes/ << Io(h)annes (Corn. Yowann)
ffau << ffeu - /fowja/ fouea "cave, den, lair" (Corn. fow)
Dydd Iau ( << Ieu) - /dijes jowis/ << Dies Iouis
cystrawen - /-uwe-/ << construenda
rhewin - /ruwi:na/ << rui:na
rhaib - rapium (in W. "pick-axe"
angel - angelus ( pl. engyl - angeli: )
hestor - sexta:rius "a measure equal to two bushels"
hwyr [hu:Ir] - se:rus "evening, late"
*** These last two show Latin /s/ >> /h/ as in native words, usually
Latin /s/ remains /s/ in WCB
Sais - Saxo: (Corn. Sows) (Here, I think the /-o: >> -y: >> -i/ which
gave i-affection of /a:I/ to /eI/ which later
regularly gives /aI/
Saeson - Saxones
llaes - laxus (Corn. lows)
crwys/croes - crux (Corn. krows)
afwyn ( >> awen) - habe:na "rein" (I think this is a different word for
W. "awen" = 'poetic inspiration'
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(And there's plenty more where these came from ... )
Keith
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