Re: USAGE: "Laughingly":What part of speech is it?

As I've found in my rediscovered files on Rithen (or Tomply as I've found it
was then named) I've found I used gerunds, supine and participles the
following way:

Using a wildcard verb doh:

        Infinitive: doh
            Supine: dohd (also called perfect participe)
            Gerund: dohnn
 Active participle: doni
Passive participle: dohdi
   Past participle: doti
Present participle: donny
     Active object: doi (personal) or dom (impersonal)
    Passive object: dod
       Past object: dodi
    Present object: don

The participles but the perfect participle (supine) are adjectives.  The
objects are nouns.  Supine and Gerund where mainly used for aspect:

Perfect:     ah + supine
Progressive: seh/leh/steh/siteh + gerund

For passive voices, an special derivation _dodeh_ could be used or the
copula verb _eh_ followed by the passive participle (a different meaning
could be performed using the copula and the past participle, but this would
be an passive middle voice).  I guess an active middle voice could be done
with the copula and the active participle.

The progressive constructions are defined by four verbs:

seh dohnn :   is the standard progressive
steh dohnn :  subject stands when performing doh.
siteh dohnn : subject sits when performing doh.
leh dohnn :   subject lays when performing doh.

A generalization would give the gerund used as adverb in tenses marking an
progressive action in the context.  This is the way gerund is used in
Spanish.

Infinitive is used in most compounds, as object of the other verb:
waha doh :       I want to do
neha doh :       I need to do
Xeteha doh :     I hate to do
waha dia cansi : I want a dog
neha dia cansi : I need a dog
Xeteha cansir :  I hate dogs

Then the nominal aspect of a verb could be done with the infinitive or the
present object.
neah don: I need doing
Xeteha don: I hate doing

(X means a voiceless velar ficative, h means lenghening of the previous
vowel or a glotal stop in intervocalic position, ia is an diphthong, c is a
voiceless velar unaspirated stop and y is a rounded frontal high vouel, all
other letters follows IPA values).

-- Carlos Th