Re: Sound change rules for erosion
From: | Amanda Babcock <ababcock@...> |
Date: | Friday, November 21, 2003, 3:18 |
Well, if I wanted depth, I think I'm well on my way. Next up after this
will be mangling vowels till I have about twelve of them.
Here is the first part of a short myth I wrote to put the language through
its paces, in proto-speak followed by stage-1 sound-change:
the-moon his-mother she-is-her the-sun. I-tell-about-it how it-happened
she-got-pregnant.
li-ruhaku kato-wimituwo kito-lelasa li-luworu. we-lerirelo wihu me-halipo
me-lipehawike.
líruakú kátoPmítum kítollása lílumrú. wélerrélo wíhu méhalpó mélifháwix.
Nouns are preceded by either a determiner or a possessive. The determiners
are: li, for unique, known or named things; ma, for indefinite things which
have not been mentioned yet; and ka, for referring to items already mentioned
in the conversation.
Possessives are several:
wole pref. their
sara pref. your pl.
hetu pref. our excl.
lusa pref. our incl.
lawe pref. its
kato pref. his
mowi pref. her
pewi pref. your
siku pref. my
Since the possessives are two syllables and the determiners one, and the
accent is always on the first syllable with syllables divisible by three
losing a vowel (or occasionally a consonant), the possessed and non-possessed
forms of nouns are going to look very different. I forsee dictionaries
(when they get around to them) having to cite every noun in one determiner
form and one possessed form.
Here are some examples:
mapamawape --> mápamwápe A woman
kapamawape --> kápamwápe The woman
lipamawape --> lípamwápe Woman
sikupamawape --> síkupmáwaf My woman
pewipamawape --> péwipmáwaf Your woman
mowipamawape --> mówipmáwaf Her woman
katopamawape --> kátopmáwaf His woman
makowapo --> mákowpó A child
kakowapo --> kákowpó The child
likowapo --> líkowpó Child
sikukowapo --> síkugwápo My child
pewikowapo --> péwigwápo Your child
mowikowapo --> mówigwápo Her child
katokowapo --> kátogwápo His child
mawimituwo --> máwiwtúwo A mother
kawimituwo --> káwiwtúwo The mother
liwimituwo --> líwiwtúwo Mother
sikuwimituwo --> síkuPmítum My mother
pewiwimituwo --> péwiPmítum Your mother
mowiwimituwo --> mówiPmítum Her mother
katowimituwo --> kátoPmítum His mother
And I don't have time to get into the verbs, which are really fun.
Of note is the fact that any noun or verb root, regardless of the number
of prefixes attached to it, will show up in one of three forms corresponding
to which of the three phases of the stress pattern the root ends up starting
on: the stressed syllable, the unstressed syllable, or the dropped-vowel
syllable.
Here are the current sound change rules, in the Sound Change Applier's
(admittedly limited) format:
C=ptkmlrswhfTxSbdgzLP
T=ptks
F=fTxS
D=bdgz
M=wm
W=Pw
*P is wh
N=lw
L=Lm
*L means dark l
H=h
V=aeiuo
A=áéíúó
I=ei
U=ou
* Set up dactylic rhythm
+V/+A/#+C_
+V/+A/+A+C+V+C+V+C_
+V/+A/+A+C+V+C+V+C_
+V/+A/+A+C+V+C+V+C_
+V/+A/+A+C+V+C+V+C_
* Vowels who are about to die do things to consonants
+T/+F/+A+C+V_+I
+T/+D/+A+C+V_+U
+H//+A+C+V_+V
+M/+W/+A+C+V_+I
+N/+L/+A+C+V_+U
* Bye-bye vowels!
+V//+A+C+V+C_
Amanda