Re: OT: sorta OT: cases: please help...

And as I hit the send button the mail I come up with a website with short
meanings for many cases, but perhaps the list can use
http://phrontistery.50megs.com/cases.html

abessive  indicating absence or lack
ablative  indicating direction from or time when
absolutive  indicating subject or object of intransitive verb
accusative  indicating direct object of a verb
adessive  indicating place where or proximity to
agentive  indicating agent performing action
allative  indicating movement towards
assocative  indicating association with or accompaniment by
benefactive  indicating for whom or which
causative  indicating causation by
comitative  indicating accompaniment
dative  indicating indirect object of a verb
delative  indicating motion downward
elative  indicating movement out of or away from
equative  indicating likeness or identity
ergative  indicating subject of a transitive verb
essive  indicating a temporary state of being
factive  indicating causation
genitive  indicating possession, origin or relation
illative  indicating movement into or toward
inessive  indicating location within
instructive  indicating means whereby
instrumental  indicating means by which
lative  indicating motion up to or as far as
locative  indicating location or place where
nominative  indicating subject of a verb
partitive  indicating a part of a larger whole
perlative  indicating movement through or across
predicative  indicating the predicate
privative  indicating absence, deprivation or negation
prolative  indicating motion alongside or by
relative  indicating relation or a prepositional object
similitive  indicating similarity to
subessive  indicating location under or below
sublative  indicating movement towards the top of
superessive  indicating location upon or on top of
terminative  indicating motion up to or time until
translative  indicating process of change or movement through
vocative  indicating calling or personal address


----- Original Message -----
From: "Patrick Jarrett" <seraph@...>
To: <CONLANG@...>
Sent: Tuesday, December 04, 2001 6:31 PM
Subject: Re: sorta OT: cases: please help...


Far from a stupid question, I myself asked for help on this when I joined
the list last year. And though I am not an expert or well versed in all the
cases (as there are many) I can explain all the ones I know from Latin and
some I picked up along the way.

Nominative: Usually used to define the subject of a sentence, or in latin's
case the predicate nominative (for nouns following linking verbs)
Genitive: Used to show possession. My language, Durana, has two genitives,
Genitive of Possession and Genitive of membership. In english the Genitive
would be using 's as in Mike's car. Or it uses "of" like "one of us." There
are other signs also.
Dative: Is used for various purposes. Latin uses it for indirect objects.
"Let me give this note to you" - to you is Dative. It is an object of the
direct object (note). Dative is also used with certain prepositions in many
languages such as Greek and Latin.
Accusative: Used for direct objects, and in Latin it is used for
prepositional phrases of motion.
Ablative: is used in Latin for all other prepositional phrases. It was the
junk drawer for latin ;).
Locative: My understanding is it is used to define a place or location. So
if you say "I went to Las Vegas" Las Vegas would be Locative. I dont have
much experience with it but that is my understanding.
Vocative: used to address someone directly.
Instrumental: Used when talking about when something was accomplished with
something. I dug a hole with a shovel. - with a shovel would be
instrumental.

This is believed to be correct but I openly invite all members of the list
to critique and add to it. We need to produce a tangible file about cases
for newbies cause its a pain in the butt to dig up info on them on the net.

Patrick



----- Original Message -----
From: "nicole dobrowolski" <fuzzybluemonkeys@...>
To: <CONLANG@...>
Sent: Tuesday, December 04, 2001 6:07 PM
Subject: sorta OT: cases: please help...


this is a really stupid and obvious question and it seems like
everyone on the planet can understand it except me... but could
someone please explain the cases to me (nominative, accusative,
dative, genitive, instrumental, locative, vocative) i was never
taught them very well in english and for a while there i thought i
understood them from german but then i took polish and now i'm all
confused again... and i'm going to need to know them for my polish
final exam (it's not a matter of memorizing the endings... i can do
that... i just don't know when to use them)... it might also be
helpful if i ever want to create a language with cases (thankfully
narethanaal doesn't have any... hmmm... i wonder why...?)... and try
not to use too many technical terms else there will be large amounts
of meeping on my part... so explain it to me as if i were a complete
and utter idiot (which i quite possibly am)... and maybe i'll be able
to muddle through somehow...

...nicole, who gives many thanks to anyone willing to patiently
explain this stuff...



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