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Re: NATLANG ruki-rule in Slavic, Scandinavian languages, Danish

From:Markus Miekk-oja <fam.miekk-oja@...>
Date:Thursday, August 21, 2003, 9:32
Speaking of this, my girlfriend (who is from Piteå in northern Sweden) has
three demonstrative pronouns, which doesn't exist in standard >Swedish.
>hojna /hUjna/ 'she, this one/that one' hajna /hajna/ 'he, this one/that
one' hejna /hEjna/ 'it, this one/that one' My guess, judging from how they look and one possible correspondence to my dialect, they are basically formed like the demonstratives den här (gender based pronoun and "here") det här using personal pronouns and a worn down locative adverb, gone through at least one metathesis However, it would seem they've gone through some odd sound shifts that didn't occur where I live: I've got "this" "that" honjä hondä hanjä handä hijä hidä täj:ä täidä (Basically one shift, the vowels might've shifted earlier) : nj -> jn However, using them about people is considered rude (at least among those who don't speak dialect). These are necessary because many northern dialects still have three gender systems. (Probably cognates have existed all over Sweden, or the pronoun + locative adverb construction has spread through Sweden after the 2+2-gender system came into being). I do use them demonstratively about non-humans and about humans when I know they're not offended by it.
>These are clearly demonstrative rather than personal. She used one of them
just this morning when pointing at a picture of a woman in the >paper and referring to her as _hujna_, i.e. 'this woman here', rather than 'she', which would be _hon_ in Swedish. A picture of a woman is at least not offended :-)
>The usage may vary. Sometimes it's only used if _hojna_ is walking towards
you but not away from you, etc. That's foreign to me. (No, really). Interesting tho'. Really interesting. There are possibilities here :-)