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Re: USAGE English 'thou' (was: Proto-Romance)

From:David Barrow <davidab@...>
Date:Thursday, March 25, 2004, 6:19
Mark J. Reed wrote:

>Singular/plural and informal/formal distinctions in the second person >merged and conflated in a wide variety of ways in I-E languages. >Usually there's a cycle: what used to be considered form X becomes >form Y, necessitating a new coinage to be the new form X, >then something gets abbreviated in some way, etc. > >Spanish originally had "tú" in the singular and "vos" in the plural. > >Then "vos" came to be used as a polite singular. This required a new >coinage to take the place of the familiar plural - "vos otros" (you >others), which was contracted to the single word "vosotros". > >But over time "vos" lost much of its air of formality, so yet another >new coinage became the polite singular: "vuestra merced", literally >"your grace", which had a built-in plural form (vuestras mercedes, "your >graces"). These phrases were contracted to "usted" and "ustedes". >Meanwhile, people went back to using either tú or vos, depending on >dialect, as the familiar singular. > >But the process didn't stop there. In most of the Spanish-speaking >world the plural "ustedes" has completely lost its formaility, >supplanting "vosotros" as the familiar plural form. This may mean that >there will come a new coinage to become the new "really formal" plural >in those areas, but cultural factors will likely prevent that from >happening; there seems to be a general tendency toward familiarization >and dropping of the familiar/polite distinction, not just in Spanish but >many languages and cultures. > >Anyway, the result in current Spanish is the following locale-dependent >mishmash: > > Sing Plural >Familiar tú or vos vos or vosotros or ustedes >Polite usted ustedes > >-Mark > >
I've noticed people here in Peru mixing the formal subject usted with informal object/genitive forms te, ti, tu rather than the formal forms le, usted, su. Re familarisation I understand the change is usually from to formal forms to the informal forms. Are there any languages, other than English, where the change is/was from informal forms to formal forms? David Barrow