Re: Tutorial--Lesson 1

On Sat, Feb 14, 2004 at 11:10:20PM +0100, takatunu wrote:
[...]
> Lesson 1
>
> Let's start from scratch:
>
> Hello!
	Ta'l3n   jobu'
	joy(cvy) intim(fem,rcp)
	"joy be to you(fem)"
	IPA: "t_hal@\n dZo"bu

(Assuming the 2nd party is female and intimate (i.e., not a stranger) with
the speaker.)

> Good day!
> Good morning to you!
Same as above. (There is no universal concept of day/night in Ebisédian;
so a greeting is a greeting is a greeting, they are all the same except
the pronoun.)

> Good morning to you Sir!
	Ta'l3n   chi'du.
	joy(cvy) dist(masc,rcp)
	IPA: "t_hal@\n "Sidu

Assuming formal occasion, which is why the distant pronoun is used.

> Good afternoon to you Lady!
	Ta'l3n   jhitu'.
	joy(cvy) dist(fem,rcp)
	IPA: "t_hal@\n Zi"tu

> Good night, John!
	oso' jhumii'n   ej3'h3n.
	may  sleep(loc) John(cvy)
	"May John be in (restful) sleep."
	IPA: ?o"so Zu"mi:n ?&"dZ@\h@\n

> Welcome to you my friend!
	Ta'l3n   co'mu.
	joy(cvy) intim(masc,rcp)
	IPA: "t_hal@\n "tSomu

(Note that this is essentially the same as before except for the pronoun.
I told you, a greeting is a greeting is a greeting. :-P)

> Hello, my friend!
Ditto.

> Goodbye, Mum! (Mum is leaving)
	0so' Ta'l3n   `ymau'.
	Let  joy(cvy) mother(rcp)
	"May joy be with Mother." (Note: the colloquial, intimate form of
	"Mother" is used here.)
	IPA: ?A"so "t_hal@\n Hyma"?u

> Goodbye, Dad! (Dad is staying behind)
	0so' Ta'l3n   epau'.
	Let  joy(cvy) daddy(rcp)
	"May joy be with Dad." (As with the previous example, "Dad" here
	is the colloquial, intimate term for one's father.)
	IPA: ?A"so "t_hal@\n ?&pa"?u

> How are you, brother/sister?
It is inexcusably shameful in Ebisédi culture to not know the name of
one's own sibling; so I assume here a female sibling named Niri.

	ji'ne        Ta'lin   `yn3r33'?
	is-it-not-so joy(loc) Niri(cvy)
	"Isn't Niri happy?" (This idiom is hard to translate... it amounts
	to a positively-loaded question asking whether Niri is in
	happiness, implying the speaker's hope/inclination for an answer
	in the positive.)
	IPA: "dZin& "t_halin Hyn@\"r`@\:

> Very well, thank you, brother/sister!
Again, assuming a female sibling named Niri.

	ji'e. 3bach33'               `yniriu'.
	yes   gratefulness(cvy,plur) Niri(rcp)
	"Yes, much thanks to (you,) Niri."
	IPA: "dZi?&. ?@\ba"S@\: Hynir`i"?u.

> this/that
	mici'	[mi"tSi]	"this thing"
	naci'	[na"tSi]	"that thing"

(Note: grossly oversimplified... these two pronouns can swap meanings
depending on context.)

> to be (sb/sth)
No direct expression possible.

> what?
	ghe'?	["G&]	"what happened?"
	ghi'?	["Gi]	"what is that?" / "who?" / "where?"

> what book?
	ghi' oki'?	"what inscription?" (or, "what is (the)
			inscription?")
	["Gi ?o"ki]

> which pen?
	gheoTui'k?	"which pen?" (first, or second, or third, ...)
	[G&?ot_hu"?ik]

(Note: _Tui'k_ means "shard" or "fragment", used for engraving on a
surface.)

> this book
	uro oki'.	"This inscription."
	[?ur`o ?o"ki]

> that pen
	aro Tui'k.	"The other pen."
	[?ar`o t_hu"?ik]

> which one?
	ghei'?		"which one?"
	[G&"?i]

> this one
	mici'.
	[mi"tSi]

(Disclaimer: very highly context-dependent.)

> that (other) one
	aro mici'.	"The other thing."
	[?ar`o mi"tSi]

Literally, "another this-thing". Usual context-dependency disclaimers
apply.

> What is this?
	ghi' mici'?	"what is this thing?"
	["Gi mi"tSi]

> This is a book.
	mici' oki'.	"This is an inscription."
	[mi"tSi ?o"ki]

> What is that?
	ghi' naci'?	"what is that thing?"
	["Gi na"tSi]

> That is a pen.
	naci' Tui'k.	"That thing is a fragment."
	[na"tSi t_hu"?ik]

> pencil
N/A

> window
	rota'ci.	[r`o"tatSi]

> door
	jyy'i.		["dZy:?i]

> floor
	jhusi'.		[Zu"si]

> ceiling
	Ki'taci.	["k_hitatSi]

> table
> desk
	kaju'ci.	[ka"dZu.tSi]

> computer
N/A

> yes
	ji'e.	["dZi?&]

> no
	my'e.	["my?&]

> to be not
> to do not
???

> Is this a window?
	a'ne     naci'         rota'ci?
	INTERROG dist(neu,loc) window(loc)
	["?an& na"tSi r`o"tatSi]

[Note: _naci'_ is used here, not _mici'_, because the latter implies
possession.]

> Yes. This is a window.
	ji'e. mici'          rota'ci.
	yes   intim(neu,loc) window(loc)
	["dZi?&. mi"tSi r`o"tatSi]

[Note: _mici'_ is used here because presumably the window belongs to the
person who answered the question.]

> Is that a table?
	a'ne     naci'         kaju'ci?
	INTERROG dist(neu,loc) workbench(loc)
	["?an& na"tSi ka"dZutSi]

> No. That is not a table. That is a bed.
	my'e. mici'          my'kajuci          Ke.
	no    intim(neu,loc) workbench(nul,loc) CORREL
	"No. It is none-of-workbench; ..."
	["my?&. mi"tSi "mykadZutSi k_h&]

	mici'          ruu'ci   ve.
	intim(neu,loc) bed(loc) CORREL
	"... it is a bed."
	[mi"tSi "r`u:tSi B&]

> he, she, it
Assuming the pronouns refer to a stranger or something not owned by the
speaker:
	chi'di. jhiti'. naci'.
	["Sidi. Zi"ti. na"tSi]

> who?
	oghi'?
	[?o"Gi]

> this/that person
	uro        bis33'di.
	this(prep) person(loc)
	[?ur`o bi"s@\:di]

> Who is it?
	oghi'             jhidi'?
	INTERROG(epi,loc) dist(epi,loc)
	"Which-person is that-person?"
	[o"Gi Zi"di]

> It is Rob.
	chi'di         er00'bi.
	dist(masc,loc) Rob(loc)
	"He is Rob."
	["Zidi ?&r`A:"bi]

[Note the switch to the masculine pronoun here; the Ebisédi convention is
to switch to a pronoun of the appropriate gender as soon as the gender is
known. All proper names carry a prefix that inflects for gender; so as
soon as a name is known, one would stop using the epicene pronoun to
refer to that person.]

> Who is she?
	`yghi'            jhiti'?
	INTERROG(fem,loc) dist(fem,loc)
	"Who is she?"
	[Hy"Gi Zi"ti]

> She is Ms. Smith.
	jhiti'        `ysimi'th.
	dist(fem,loc) Smith(fem,loc)
	"She is Smith(fem)"
	[Zi"ti Hysi"miT]

[Nevermind the fact that _`ysimi'th_ would *really* grate on the ears of
the Ebisédi, especially the women.]

> Is this person Mr. Smith?
	a'ne     chi'di         esi'mith?
	INTERROG dist(masc,loc) Smith(masc,loc)
	"Is he Smith(masc)?"
	["?an& "Sidi ?&"simiT]

[Ditto.]

> Yes. This is Mr. Smith.
	ji'e. chi'di         esi'mith.
	yes   dist(masc,loc) Smith(masc,loc)
	"Yes, he is Smith(masc)."
	["dZi?&. "Sidi ?&"simiT]

> Is she Ms. Smith?
	a'ne     jhiti'        `ysimi'th?
	INTERROG dist(fem,loc) Smith(fem,loc)
	"Is she Smith(fem)?"
	["?an& Zi"ti Hysi"miT]

> No. Ms. Smith is that other person.
	my'e. aro         biz3tai'        `ysimi'th.
	no    other(prep) person(fem,loc) Smith(fem,loc)
	"No, the other woman is Smith(fem)"
	["my?&. ?ar`o biz@\ta"?i Hysi"miT]


T

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