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Re: adjectives -> adverbs

From:Irina Rempt <ira@...>
Date:Monday, March 22, 1999, 20:05
On Sun, 21 Mar 1999, Tim Smith wrote:

> At 02:53 PM 3/20/99 +0100, Daniel Andreasson wrote:
> >Lately I've been curious as to how adverbs are > >formed out of adjectives.
> In two of my conlangs, Meitzanathein and Hwendaaru, this is done by > nominalizing the adjective and then putting it in the instrumental case, so > that, for instance, the equivalent of "happily" is something that could be > translated literally as "with happiness". I don't know of any natlangs that > do this, but I'd be surprised if there aren't any.
Valdyan uses the locative or instrumental case (the same ending, usually -ie); adjectives don't need to be nominalized as there's no real difference between nouns and adjectives: _boch_ can mean "rich" or "riches", _bochie_ is "richly". There are a few adverbs made from nouns/adjectives or verbs that have the old (obsolete) dative case ending, -e; usually they're grown into conjunctions, such as _hune_ "because" contrasting with _hunie_ "for good reason" from _hun_ "reason"; _cyne_ "at once, presently" contrasting with _cynie_ "from that moment, from now on" from _cyna_ "to follow". Irina ira@rempt.xs4all.nl (mailing list address) irina@rempt.xs4all.nl (myself) http://www.xs4all.nl/~bsarempt/irina/frontpage.html (English) http://www.xs4all.nl/~bsarempt/irina/backpage.html (Nederlands)