Re: Reflexive & Reciprocal Marked on the Verb
From: | Herman Miller <hmiller@...> |
Date: | Wednesday, September 3, 2008, 4:15 |
Eldin Raigmore wrote:
> I am collaborating on an agglutinating conlang with polypersonal agreement
> (verbs agree with their Subject; with their Primary-or-Direct Object if there is
> one; and sometimes with their Secondary-or-Indirect Object if there is one.)
>
> In this 'lang the verb's agreement-markers indicate the semantic role of the
> Subject and the Direct Object.
>
> One thing it can indicate is that the Subject, and/or the Object, is both the
> Agent and the Patient of the clause.
>
> Thus, if the clause is reflexive or reciprocal, no additional marking is needed to
> establish that it must be EITHER reflexive OR reciprocal.
>
> However, this system can't tell "reflexive" apart from "reciprocal".
>
> That is, "Jack and Jill (each) kissed themselves" and "Jack and Jill kissed each
> other" have the same agreement-markers on the verb.
>
> How do your 'langs (whether nat- or con-) handle this?
> Do they just not distinguish "reflexive" from "reciprocal"?
> Do they distinguish it by marking the verb with, say, a "voice"
> or "version" of "reflexive" or "reciprocal" (not the same)?
> Or do they mark the difference elsewhere in the clause, say by either a
> reflexive pronoun or a reciprocal pronoun or both?
Tirelat: "Each other" is expressed by a comitative particle.
"Themselves" is expressed with a prefix on the verb.
su Żak kë Żil vyċimamin "Jack and Jill kissed each other" (inferential)
su Żak kë Żil vy- ċima-mi-n
NOM Jack COM Jill 3pl.NOM-kiss-IP-PF
(Lit. "Jack kissed with Jill.")
NOM = nominative
COM = comitative
IP = inferential past
PF = perfective
su Żak žu Żil vysċimamin "Jack and Jill (each) kissed themselves"
su Żak žu Żil vy- s- ċima-mi-n
NOM Jack and Jill 3pl.NOM-REFL-kiss-IP-PF
REFL = reflexive