Re: Verbal distinctions

Quoting John Leland <leland@...>:

> On Tue, 19 Aug 2003, Andreas Johansson wrote:
>
> > Quoting vaksje <vaksje@...>:
> >
> > > On Tue, Aug 19, 2003 at 02:12:33PM +0200, Andreas wrote:
>
>
> >
> > It's a closed class of so-called "modal adverbs", with eight members. From
> my
> > website:
>
> I am struck by the similarity of this class to what I call the "verb
> suffixes" in Rihana-ye. All end in "i" (which is normally the adj. ending)
> and follow the main verb.
Great minds think alike!

> > Interogative; marker _fe_; turns the verb's sentence into a yes-or no
> > question; eg Seno dhek fe? "Did he go?".
> Rhihana-ye -hi. The question need not have a ye-no answer.
> Veba vejo-hi? He go-query?
The Tairezazh equivalent of that would use _feted_, lit "whatplace"; _Seno
dhék feted_ "He is going whatplace?". This is of course simply _fe_ prefixed
to _ted_ "place, location". The element _fe_ also turns up in interogative
pronouns like _fend_ "who", _fel_ "what" and in _fer_ "why".

                                                           Andreas

> > Potential; marker _fiks_; indicates ablitity of carrying out the verb's
> > action; eg Seno dhek fiks? "He can go, he is able of going".
> >
> Rihana-ye -ji
> Veba vejo-ji
> He go-can.
> > Debitive; marker _gez_; indicates that the subject should do something; eg
> > Senen dhek gez "They should go".
>  Rihana-ye uses -bi, which is really necesstative( below)
>
> > Obligative; marker _koi_; indicates that the subject needs do something;
> eg
> > Seno dhek koi "He needs to go".
> Rihana-ye again uses -bi.
> >
> > Subjunctive; marker _lep_; indicates irrealis or hypotheticality; eg Tse
> sena
> > ak lep ated "If she were here".
>
>  Rihana-ye -hli
> Veba vejo-hli.
> He might go. But for conditional clauses the usual Here veba vejo If he
> go...
> > Permissive; marker _skei_; indicates that the subject is allowed to carry
> out
> > an action; eg Sha raig skei "You may eat".
> >
> No Rihana-ye equivalent (yet)
> > Necessitive; marker _tsin_; indicates that the subject must do something;
> eg
> > Sena dhek tsin "She must go".
> >
> Rihana-ye -bi
> Veba vejo-bi.
> He go-must.
>
> > Desiderative; marker _zent_; indicates a wish to carry out the verb's
> action;
> > eg Sena ak zent ated "She want to be here".
> >
> Rihana-ye -ki
> Veba vejo-ki
> He go-wants
>
> There is also -thi,
> indicating a milder desire
>
> Veba vejo-thi
> He go-inclines
>
> And -chi indicating considering the action.
>
> Veba vejo-chi
> He go-considers
>
>
>
> > These are the ones in Standard Tairezazh; dialects may have slightly
> different
> > sets. The related Steienzh language have similar set, which includes
> > a "dictive" marker _ma_ [m@], used for indicating direct speech, and an
> > imperative marker _er_ [@r] (whose Tairezazh cognate has clitized and
> become a
> > regular inflection with different distribution form these adverbs).
> >
> >                                                           Andreas
> >
> > > > However, _zent_ "to want" isn't syntactically a verb at all - it's an
> > > > uninflectable adverb. Perhaps your -k could be interpreted as an
> > > adverbizer?
> > >
> > > Yeah, the concept of an adverbizer seems logical, since information is
> > > added to an existing verb, instead of rearrganging them into an
> > > infinitive structure.
> > >
> > > >                                                             Andreas
> > >
> > > --
> > > vaksje.
> > >
> >
>