On Tue, 19 Aug 2003, Andreas Johansson wrote:
> Quoting vaksje <vaksje@...>:
>
> > On Tue, Aug 19, 2003 at 02:12:33PM +0200, Andreas wrote:
>
> It's a closed class of so-called "modal adverbs", with eight members. From my
> website:
I am struck by the similarity of this class to what I call the "verb
suffixes" in Rihana-ye. All end in "i" (which is normally the adj. ending)
and follow the main verb.
> Interogative; marker _fe_; turns the verb's sentence into a yes-or no
> question; eg Seno dhek fe? "Did he go?".
Rhihana-ye -hi. The question need not have a ye-no answer.
Veba vejo-hi? He go-query?
> Potential; marker _fiks_; indicates ablitity of carrying out the verb's
> action; eg Seno dhek fiks? "He can go, he is able of going".
>
Rihana-ye -ji
Veba vejo-ji
He go-can.
> Debitive; marker _gez_; indicates that the subject should do something; eg
> Senen dhek gez "They should go".
Rihana-ye uses -bi, which is really necesstative( below)
> Obligative; marker _koi_; indicates that the subject needs do something; eg
> Seno dhek koi "He needs to go".
Rihana-ye again uses -bi.
>
> Subjunctive; marker _lep_; indicates irrealis or hypotheticality; eg Tse sena
> ak lep ated "If she were here".
Rihana-ye -hli
Veba vejo-hli.
He might go. But for conditional clauses the usual Here veba vejo If he
go...
> Permissive; marker _skei_; indicates that the subject is allowed to carry out
> an action; eg Sha raig skei "You may eat".
>
No Rihana-ye equivalent (yet)
> Necessitive; marker _tsin_; indicates that the subject must do something; eg
> Sena dhek tsin "She must go".
>
Rihana-ye -bi
Veba vejo-bi.
He go-must.
> Desiderative; marker _zent_; indicates a wish to carry out the verb's action;
> eg Sena ak zent ated "She want to be here".
>
Rihana-ye -ki
Veba vejo-ki
He go-wants
There is also -thi,
indicating a milder desire
Veba vejo-thi
He go-inclines
And -chi indicating considering the action.
Veba vejo-chi
He go-considers
> These are the ones in Standard Tairezazh; dialects may have slightly different
> sets. The related Steienzh language have similar set, which includes
> a "dictive" marker _ma_ [m@], used for indicating direct speech, and an
> imperative marker _er_ [@r] (whose Tairezazh cognate has clitized and become a
> regular inflection with different distribution form these adverbs).
>
> Andreas
>
> > > However, _zent_ "to want" isn't syntactically a verb at all - it's an
> > > uninflectable adverb. Perhaps your -k could be interpreted as an
> > adverbizer?
> >
> > Yeah, the concept of an adverbizer seems logical, since information is
> > added to an existing verb, instead of rearrganging them into an
> > infinitive structure.
> >
> > > Andreas
> >
> > --
> > vaksje.
> >
>