Re: Vocab exercise, year 2, #1
| From: | Christian Thalmann <cinga@...> |
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| Date: | Friday, October 18, 2002, 22:37 |
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--- In conlang@y..., Aidan Grey <grey@F...> wrote:
> I will try to account for
> obvious multiple meanings, and also make an effort to provide sentences
> that reflect normal or newspaper speech, and not weird exercise language
> (if you understand what I'm getting at).
Right... that's why you mention say-something hats. ;-)
In Obrenje:
> 1. crowd
|Punnaja| n. /pMn"sa:ja/ "crowd", from |punce| "many" and |-(n)aja|
"group, team, society"
> There was a huge crowd in front of the building.
|Uq punnaja ojme dzha gune.|
/MN pMn"na:ja "Ojm dZa "gu:n/
be:PST:LIQ:3e crowd great before building:d
> 2. lead
|Nagwa-| v. "to lead, guide"
|Bombyre| n. /bOm"by:r/ "lead (the metal)"
> She led her dog into the field.
|Nagwu i nim warve ki tseme.|
/"nagwM i nim "warv@ ki "tSe:m/
lead:PST:3e OBJ POS:RFL dog to field:d
> Her dog was on a lead.
|Mu jem warve laq myz.|
/mM jEm "warv@ laN myz/
be:PST:3e POS:3a dog COM rope
(Does "lead" also mean "leash"? Didn't know that... anyway, the use
of the comitative preposition is idiomatic here, though maybe it
should be described as a euphemism rather than an idiom -- which dog
perceives its leash as "company"?)
> The pipes are made of lead.
|Mo aroloe u bombyre.|
/mO arO"lo: M bOm"by:r/
be:3e pipe:d PRE lead
(A very simple construction that doesn't cause much ambiguity: "The
pipes are lead.")
> 3. ready
|Njosh| /njOS/ "ready, prepared"
> He's ready to go now.
|Njosh ona tize.|
/njOS "o:na ti:Z/
ready be:LIQ:3i now
> 4. slow
|Blare| /bla:r/ "slow; inert"
> Snails are slow.
|Blare mo ny gatsi.|
/bla:r mO ny "gatSi/
slow be:3e CAT snail
(A classical use of the categorical quantifier.)
> He runs slowly, and I bet he won't win the race.
|Jubona naw blare, a qes tash mojen endaj.|
/jM"bo:na naw bla:r a NEs taS mO"jEn @n"daj/
run:LIQ:3i in_a_way slow and methinks not race:d win:FUT:3i
(|Qes| "methinks, IMHO" is an adverb, not a verb form.)
> 5. rent
|Puqe gun| /pu:N gMn/ "house money"
> I have to pay rent on the 5th of every month.
|Gun puqae toxze ro ny demlan breme nacej densur.|
/gMm pM"Na: "tOZZ@ rO ny d@m"lam bre:m na"sej d@n"sMr/
house pay:GND must:1 in CAT day five:d each month
> 6. popularity
|Naqsa| /"naNsa/ "likedness"
> This was just a popularity contest.
|Cenow mojne naqsa woc.|
/snow mOjn "naNsa wOx/
only contest likedness be:PST:0
> 7. -ion
> two parts here: first, how are verbal nouns formed?
> act > action, move > motion, see > vision.
Gerunds. Append |-a| to consonantic verb stems and |-e| to vocalic
ones: |pow-| "give" --> |powa| /"po:wa/ "giving"; |pova-| "to donate"
--> |povae| /pO"va:/ "donating, donation".
> His action was hasty.
|Jummanje mu jem caja.|
/jMm"manj@ mU j@N "ha:ja/
hasty be:PST:3e POS:3a do:GND
> 8. addition
|Trovae| /trO"va:/ "adding" (The verb |trova-| is related to |tra|
"more" and |pow-| "give".)
> Even the addition of an extra student increased class sizes beyond
> tolerable limits.
|Mot ow cenje kitsaj trovae i kormonja kitsaja ki dri urefwel sipse.|
/mOt ow "sEnj@ kit"saj trO"va: i kOr"mOnja kit"sa:ja ki dri Mr@"fwEl
SipS#/
move:PST:3e indeed single student addition OBJ numerical_size
class to after threshold livable
(Phew. Tough one.)
> 9. hat
|Lug| /lMg/ "hat"
> Today is a say-something hat day!
|Demlan ur lug zinsea moc ozae.|
/d@m"lan Mr lMg Zin"Se:a mOx O"za:/
day of hat declaration be:0 today
> 10. pack
|Tummo| /"tMmmO/ "bag, backpack" (Thing-derivation of |tum-| "carry"
from |tum| "back".)
> I need to pack for my trip.
|Tummo chema toxze bla nim jora.|
/"tMmmO "he:ma "tOZZ@ bla zim "jo:ra/
pack make:GND must:1 for POS:RFL travel:GND
> The pack she wore on the trip was way too heavy.
|Gwaj bom mu tummoe bi tumu ro jorae.|
/gwaj bOm mU tUm"mo: bi "tu:mM rO jO"ra:/
too heavy be:PST:3e pack:d RFL:OBJ carry:PST:3i in travel:GND:d
Phew! Thanx for the exercise. It wasn't all that easy. I might do
it for Jovian some other day.
-- Christian Thalmann