On Friday 18 October 2002 13:50, Aidan Grey wrote:
> Theme: topicalization (make the vocab word the topic or focus of
> the utterance).
> 1. crowd
antanáe (n.collective) "crowd, multitude"
> There was a huge crowd in front of the building.
pa antanáe anóna sú jamára hál;
PA crowd hugeness at house front
> 2. lead
> She led her dog into the field.
no verbs-
they could say...
ñi sáen rá jamíña mé ánén jatúmse-mma;
LA-become 3p-sg to field in with túmse-assoc-3p
or "She went to the field with her túmse."
a túmse being a common pet.
jaréTíhen (n.singular) [new] "leash, lead"
> Her dog was on a lead.
te jatúmse-mma ánén jaréTíhen;
LA-past túmse-assoc-3p with leash.
anTósa (n.stative) "lead"
jacímíki (n.plural) [new] "pipes"
> The pipes are made of lead.
ñi jacímíki ho anTósa;
NI-make pipes manner lead "Pipes are made of lead."
ñi jacímíki Tó ho anTósa;
NI-make pipes this manner lead "These pipes are made of lead."
> 3. ready
-ákík- (root) ready, set in place/order
> He's ready to go now.
ál ñi sáen mákíke tó anrá;
now LA-become 3p-sg ready+anim.sg for going
> 4. slow
-tóx- (root) slow
> Snails are slow.
no snails, so a quick borrowing yields j-esnéls-i
pa jesnélsi antóxa;
PA snails slowness
> He runs slowly, and I bet he won't win the race.
kexien ñi sáen matóxa rá;
given-that LA-become 3p-sg slow-one go...
taxien pa lién anxiéna la wá reha sáen maTálón to ancéhi pa anratána;
expected PA 1p-sg understanding that not LA-future 3p-sg winner src
contest PA running.
"Given that he goes slowly, I expect that he will not be/become the
winner of this running contest."
> 5. rent
> I have to pay rent on the 5th of every month.
I'm not sure how to begin to fit this into their culture, so I'm
skipping this one.
> 6. popularity
análexa (n.stative) [new] "popularity"
> This was just a popularity contest.
te Tó ancéhi pa análexa ánexa;
LA-past this contest PA popularity only
> 7. -ion
> two parts here: first, how are verbal nouns formed?
> act > action, move > motion, see > vision.
> second, the sentence:
no verbs, but stative nouns are formed with the prefix an- and the
generic suffix. Also, a person's actions are considered to be his
inalienable possessions...
> His action was hasty.
tielen pa saká anñáca;
past PA 3p-poss+action hastiness
> 8. addition
> Even the addition of an extra student increased class sizes beyond
> tolerable limits.
This sentence barely makes sense. I'd recast it as:
The addition of even a single extra student increases class size
beyond tolerable limits.
or?
That said, I can't immediately fit this into my culture either.
> 9. hat
> Today is a say-something hat day!
or this one either.
> 10. pack
jaNówíke (n.singular) [new] pack, package, bundle
> I need to pack for my trip.
la lekúña tó jaNówíke tó jaréTa;
LA 1p-poss+need for pack for journey
> The pack she wore on the trip was way too heavy.
te jaNówíke pa antúma nápie la ánén saréTa;
LA-past pack PA heaviness too-much LA-relative with 3p-poss+journey
4 new words. Thanks!
--
Sylvia Sotomayor
sylvia1@ix.netcom.com
The Kélen language can be found at:
http://home.netcom.com/~sylvia1/Kelen/kelen.html
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