Re: complete conjugation of a silindion verb

--- Jörg Rhiemeier <joerg_rhiemeier@...> wrote:
>
> Your language is gorgeous, and your posts on it
> shine a light
> in the mirk of CHAT: posts and YAEPTs.
 Thanks alot, I usually am wary of sending a huge mail
full of just language forms, with not commentary. it's
good to know people read them from time to time.


> > principle parts:
> >  nankiello "to discover, uncover, find"
> >  nankén "He discovers"
> >  nankerë "discovered"
> >  anankë "He discovered"
> >  nankena "discovered"
>
> Are these forms unpredictable, like the principal
> parts students
> of such languages as Latin and Greek have to learn
> for each verb?
>
They are somewhat unpredictable, although not to the
same extent as in greek or latin. They basically
follow from the various ways that stem finals combine
with the endings.

1) nankiello:
 The ending is -yello, and the form is made as
follows:
  nanke-yello > nanki-yello > nanki-ello

All of these changes are regular and predictable. The
changes that are not, however, are those which happen
to the suffix itself. That is, there are various
allomorphs of the infinite morpheme that are
unpredictable.

 These allomorphs are:
  -iello, -eallo, -ollo, -lle, -llo

2) nankén "He discovers"

This principle part shows the form of the present
tense. Some verbs add the endings directly to the
stem, like this verb. Some verbs add the endings to a
"thematic vowel", which is usually the same vowel as
the first vowel of the verb:

 horiello "to find" -> horon "he finds"
 tiliello "to see" -> tilin "he sees"
 leireallo "to praise" -> leiran "he praises"
 nephiello "to sing" -> nempe "he sings" (athematic)
 This principle part also shows the correct ending for
the 3rd singular, which can be, unpredictable, both
"-n" and "r".

3) nankerë
  This form is fairly predictable, if you know the
correct sound changes to apply to the past participle
suffix, which is underlyingly -dë.

 nanke-dë -> nanke-dhë  -> nanke-zë -> nanke-rë

This forms gives the stem of the verb, which in this
case is a vowel stem in -e. Using this info, alot of
other things can be determined.

4) anankë
  This form is the most unpredictable, there are many
different past tense suffixes:
  -si, -ti, -ssi, -na, -në, -i, -ë.
This verb happens to have an -i past, although the -i
is swallowed up by the -e, to become -ë.

5) nankena
  This form, like the 3) principle part gives the stem
of the verb, and can usually be founds by altering the
ending of the 3) principle part to -(n)a. There are a
few verbs which have an irregular gerund:
  falyallo "to waken" 3rd part:  falyarë "awakened"
                      5th part:  falina "awakening"

> > d) Necessitive Participle: nankendu "ought to be
> > discovered"
> Such a form is called a "gerundive" in Latin
> grammar.
> I also notice that the Silindion gerundive is
> similar in shape
> to the Latin one.
Yes, that's the term that I used in older documents to
describe it. I think it doesn't give enough info as to
the use of it or the meaning. The gerundive is only
like this in verbs whose stem is -e:

 diello "To gather" -> dendu "to be gathered"
 nankiello "to discover" -> nankendu "to be
discovered"

however, since the form is the dative of the gerund,
in other types of verb, this is slightly different:

 falyallo "to awaken" -> falyandu "to be awakened"
 horiello "to find" -> hornanu "to find"


> > b) Imperfect Tense
> >  nankenesi  bankenena
> >  nankenelë  nankenenta
> >  nankenë    nankenento / nankenentë
>
> The nasal element expressing the imperfect tense
> reminds me
> of Quenya.
Hmm..that's unfortunate. I try not to go too Quenya
like. But, I guess it's unavoidable sometimes.

> (1) homorganic nasal infixed before the root-final
> consonant,
>     in root verbs with a root-closing obstruent:
>
>     grat- `to write' : grantma  `I was writing'
>     boc-  `to flee'  : boñcma   `I was fleeing'
>
> (2) /n/ suffixed to the root, in root verbs with a
> root-closing
>     liquid or semivowel:
>
>     chvar- `to make' : chvarnma `I was making'
>
> (3) suffix -@n, wherein /@/ assimilates to the
> preceding vowel,
>     in all other cases:
>
>     lin-   `to sing' : linemma   `I was singing' ( <
> *lin-in-ma)
>     marar- `to kill' : mararamma `I was killing' ( <
> *mar-ar-an-ma)
>
> (The verb marar- is a causative derived from the
> root verb
>  mar- `to die'.)
This system is very very cool. I really like it.

> > c) Past Tense
> >  anankeisi  anankeina
> >  anankeilë  anankeinta
> >  anankë     anankeinto / anankeintë
> Does your augment also assimilate to the root vowel
> as in Quenya
> or Old Albic, or is the vowel fixed as in Greek or
> Sanskrit?
It's always an a-, although this shows up differently
soemtimes, if the root begins with a vowel:

 a + a > o    anaskello "to shake hands"  > onaskë
 a + e > ë    etyello "to lack" > eitë
 a + i > ë    ilparëallo "to fill" > eilparë
 a + o > u   orollo "to speak" -> urë
 a + u > o   ullë "to glow" -> olë

> >
> > f) Past Subjunctive
> >   (a)nankëusi   (a)nankëuna
> >   (a)nankëulë   (a)nankëunta
> >   (a)nankëu(n)  (a)nankëunto / -ntë
>
> What do the (a)s mean?  Is the augment optional?

It is optional, or at least sometimes the texts i
write have it, sometimes they don't...I guess
sometimes i forget about it in this tense.

> > [more forms snipped]
And I forgot the passive subjunctive past:

 nankeriusi   nankeriuna
 nankeriulë   nankeriunta
 nankeriu     nankeriunto

> > Well, there you have it, a Silindion verb in all
> it's
> > glory. I hope that it was somewhat enjoyable
>
> Thanks!  It was!  Your language is a true
> masterpiece!

thank you once more, I really like the look of Old
Albic as well

Elliott




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