Re: Tutorial--Lesson 1

Nicely done, but it _is_ overlong................

Takatunu wrote:
> Lesson 1
>
In Kash:
> Hello! Manomo 'I greet', provided you know the person.  Colloq. manó:
> Good day! lendi lero lit. 'good-of.it day'
> Good morning to you!
> Good morning to you Sir!
> Good afternoon to you Lady!
One would not really say these in normal usage-- lendi lero is what one says
to groups whom one sees regularly, and is rather formal (broadly speaking--
boss to employees, teacher to students, etc.)

> Good night, John!
OK-- lendi is used in a couple of idioms, lendi çeva 'bon voyage',  lendi
nahan 'bon appetit'-- and lendi çiru ~lendi çiçi lit. good sleep

>
> Welcome to you my friend!
makota/mavele rapinda, kambrami
'I say/I give  welcome, friend-my'  There are many words for friend,
depending on the closeness of the relationship. This sounds stilted-- it
would be customary to say ...rapinda ri {wherever} ....

> Hello, my friend! manomo + whatever appropriate word for friend.
Good-bye is formally "endo kitikas" 'may we(2) see [viz.  each other]'. It
can be shortened to "engitikas", "kitikas",
"kitík" or even "tití: "
> Goodbye, Mum! (Mum is leaving)
(any of the above, but prob. not tití:) + inde(mi) 'mother-my) or a
diminutive teci, tete
> Goodbye, Dad! (Dad is staying behind)
ditto + amami 'father-my' or a dim. maci, mambi

> How are you, brother/sister?
e, kaña(-kaña)ti + one of the many affect. terms for brother/sister (as in
Engl. this is not asking after the person's actual physical state)

> Very well, thank you, brother/sister!
e, lembopo..... hey, well-just  or maybe tramukopo 'so-so, just OK, lit. not
bad-just'
>
> this taya, taye, tayu (m., f., n.)
that iya, iye, iyu
> to be (sb/sth) ale
> what? kandri
>what book? lani etengi 'which book?'
> which pen? kangu lani?
> this book etengi tayu
> that pen kangu iyu
> which one? lani?
> this one tayu
> that (other) one iyu, or maybe yu liya
>
> What is this? kandri tayu?
> This is a book. tayu, etengi
> What is that? kandri itu?
> That is a pen. itu, kangu
>
> pencil topet
> window çumbuna
> door findu
> floor kanin
> ceiling ninat
> table laca
> desk lacuri
> computer celipin ~cipin
>
> yes hayi, emph. nakayi
> no tayi, emph. nandayi
> to be not ??? ta...ale
> to do not ??? ta...mepu
>
> Is this a window? aka tayu çumbuna?
colloq. tayu, çumbunuka?
> Yes. This is a window. Hayi, yale çumbuna
> Is that a table? aka iyu laca? iyu, lacaka?
> No. That is not a table. That is a bed.
Tayi, ta yale laca, yale eçangan
>
> he, she, it iya. iye, iyu
> who? kari
> this/that person kaç tayu/iyu
> Who is it? kari iya/iye? ~kari ya (short for kari yale?)
> It is Rob. yale R.
> Who is she? kari iye?
> She is Ms. Smith. iye, lumbi S. ~yale lumbi S.
> Is this person Mr. Smith? kaç tayu, aka sim. S.?
> Yes. This is Mr. Smith. hayi, yale sim. S.
sim and lumbi are merely titles of respect for adults whom one doesn't know
well; they don't distinguish married/unmarried.

> Is she Ms. Smith? iye, aka kanjetre sim S-i? = she, Q spouse sim S-gen.
> No. Ms. Smith is that other person. Tayi, kanjetreni, iye liya. No, his
spouse, that(F.) other