Re: Translation thingy (was Re: Antipassive)

> "The girl who was hit by her brother was punished".
> "The girl who hit her brother was punished"
In Asha'ille:
   "Pas arijavla san egik ghachivparla mlaml pali'sarn."
   "Pas arijavla san egik ghachivpalar ne mlaml pali'sarn."


Pas arijavla         san  egik  ghachivparla
pas arijav -l-  -a   san  egik  ghachiv -ar  -l-  -p-   -a
PST punish -DO- -3SF girl SUBJ: slap    -3SM -DO- -PST- -3SF

mlaml         pali'sarn.
ml-  ah  -ml  pali'sarn
POS- 3SF -POS brother


Pas arijavla          san  egik  ghachivpalar
pas arijav -l-  -a    san  egik  ghachiv -a   -l-  -p-   -ar
PST punish -DO- -3SF  girl SUBJ: hit     -3SF -DO- -PST- -3SM

ne   mlaml         pali'sarn.
ne   ml-  ah  -ml  pali'sarn
OBJ: POS- 3SF -POS brother



The person doing the punishing is not marked in either sentence, giving the
equivalent to passive voice.  "Changing" the sentence to active voice is
only a matter of specifying the punisher:

    Arijavpaerimla san egik ...

"They punished the girl who..."  Note that the past tense tense marker
|pas| becomes incorporated into the verb as |-p-| when the subject is given.


Abbreviations:
3SF   third person singular feminine
3SM   third person singular masculine
DO    direct object
OBJ:  following phrase describes object
POS   possessive
PST   past tense
SUBJ: following phrase describes subject


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AA